[ Linux ] SD Card Format

查看裝置名稱
$ df

插入USB儲存裝置

查看裝置名稱
$ df

卸載儲存裝置
$ sudo umount /dev/sdb1

格式化成FAT32
$ sudo mkdosfs -F 32 -v /dev/sdb1

格式化成FAT32、檢查磁區、設定磁碟標籤
$ sudo mkdosfs -cF 32 -n 64GB -v /dev/sdb1

No-IP 帳號及子網域名稱註冊

www.noip.com

No-IP’s Dynamic Update Client

$ mkdir /home/pi/noip

$ cd /home/pi/noip

$ wget http://www.no-ip.com/client/linux/noip-duc-linux.tar.gz

$ tar vzxf noip-duc-linux.tar.gz

$ cd noip-2.1.9-1

$ sudo make

$ sudo make install >>> /usr/local/bin/noip2 >>> /usr/local/etc/no-ip2.conf

$ sudo /usr/local/bin/noip2 -C >>> config

$ sudo /usr/local/bin/noip2

To confirm that the service is working properly you can run the following command.

$ sudo noip2 ­-S (Capital “S”)

[ Raspberry Pi ] RASPBIAN JESSIE LITE 2017-01-11

OS：Raspbian
Download：RASPBIAN JESSIE LITE

Minimal image based on Debian Jessie

Version: January 2017

Release date: 2017-01-11

Kernel version: 4.4

$ diskutil umountDisk disk2

$ sudo dd bs=1m if=path_of_your_image.img of=/dev/disk2

Raspbian, the username is 'pi' and the password is 'raspberry'.

重新開啟root帳號，可由pi用戶登錄後，在命令行下執行

$ sudo passwd root

執行此命令後系統會提示輸入兩遍的root密碼，輸入你想設的密碼即可，然後再執行

$ sudo passwd –unlock root

修改時區 $ sudo tzselect

鍵盤配置 $ sudo nano /etc/default/keyboard

XKBLAYOUT="us"

To configure the board to use DHCP  settings:

$ sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

iface eth0 inet dhcp

or static IP

iface eth0 inet static

  address 192.168.1.240

  netmask 255.255.255.0

  gateway 192.168.1.254

$ sudo raspi-config >>> ssh

停用console螢幕保護

$ sudo nano /etc/kbd/config

BLANK_TIME=0

POWERDOWN_TIME=0

NTP $ sudo nano /etc/ntp.conf

server time.stdtime.gov.tw

$ sudo service ntp restart

安裝更新

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get upgrade

pppoe http://wiki.linux.org.hk/w/Connect_Internet_with_PPPoEConf

$ sudo apt-get install pppoecon

$ sudo pppoeconf >>> /etc/network/interfaces <<< 啟動時自動連線

連接上網 $ pon dsl-provider

中斷連線 $ poff

可以用管理員身份打「plog」顯示pppd的日誌

$ ip addr show ppp0

Installing a PPTP-VPN server on a Raspberry Pi

# sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

# sudo apt-get install pptpd

# sudo nano /etc/pptpd.conf

localip 192.168.1.240

remoteip 192.168.1.241-244,192.168.1.245

# sudo nano /etc/ppp/pptpd-options

ms-dns 8.8.8.8

noipx

mtu 1490

mru 1490

# sudo nano /etc/sysctl.conf

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

# sudo nano /etc/rc.local

>>> pppoe >>>

• • • sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE

# sudo nano /etc/ppp/chap-secrets

// Username[TAB]*[TAB]password[TAB]*

vpn     * vpn1234   *

# sudo service pptpd restart

[ EZGO 13 ] MariaDB 10.1.21

官方網站：https://mariadb.com/
檔案來源：http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/server/mariadb.html

$ sudo groupadd -g 51 mysql

$ sudo useradd -c "MySQL Server" -d /RAID/local/srv/MySQL -g mysql -s /bin/false -u 51 mysql

$ sed -i "s@data/test@\${INSTALL_MYSQLTESTDIR}@g" sql/CMakeLists.txt

Option：

• 如果沒有 cmake 執行 $ sudo apt install cmake 
• 如果沒有 /usr/bin/c++ 執行 $ sudo apt install g++
• Curses library not found 執行 $ sudo apt install libncurses5-dev
• Could NOT find LibXml2 執行 $ sudo apt install libxml2-dev
• Could NOT find JNI
  修改 /usr/share/cmake-3.5/Modules/FindJNI.cmake
  增加：

JAVA_APPEND_LIBRARY_DIRECTORIES(

/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/jre/lib/{libarch}

)

list(

/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/include

)

• Bison executable not found in PATH 執行 $ sudo apt install bison

$ cmake \
        -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
        -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/bin/g++ \
        -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/RAID/local/srv/MySQL \
        -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
        -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
        -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
        -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
        -DINSTALL_DOCDIR=share/doc/mysql \
        -DINSTALL_DOCREADMEDIR=share/doc/mysql \
        -DINSTALL_MANDIR=share/man \
        -DINSTALL_MYSQLSHAREDIR=share/mysql \
        -DINSTALL_MYSQLTESTDIR=share/mysql/test \
        -DINSTALL_PLUGINDIR=lib/mysql/plugin \
        -DINSTALL_SBINDIR=sbin \
        -DINSTALL_SCRIPTDIR=bin \
        -DINSTALL_SQLBENCHDIR=share/mysql/bench \
        -DINSTALL_SUPPORTFILESDIR=share/mysql \
        -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/RAID/DB \
        -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock \
        -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=complex \
        -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=ON \
        -DTOKUDB_OK=0

PS：

• 如果有 /usr/bin/c++ 用 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/bin/c++ 
• 如果有 /usr/bin/g++ 用 -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/usr/bin/g++

$ make

$ sudo make install

$ install -v -dm 755 /RAID/local/conf

$ cat > /RAID/local/conf/my.cnf << "EOF"

# Begin /RAID/local/conf/my.cnf

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
default-character-set=utf8

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir = /RAID/DB
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 16K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all.
skip-networking

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
server-id = 1

# Uncomment the following if you are using BDB tables
#bdb_cache_size = 4M
#bdb_max_lock = 10000

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /RAID/local/srv/MySQL
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /RAID/local/srv/MySQL
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates

[isamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

# End /RAID/local/conf/my.cnf
EOF

安裝資料庫
$ sudo /RAID/local/srv/MySQL/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/RAID/local/srv/MySQL --defaults-file=/RAID/local/conf/my.cnf --datadir=/RAID/DB --user=mysql

$ sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /RAID/DB

$ sudo install -v -m755 -o mysql -g mysql -d /run/mysqld

啟動資料庫服務
$ sudo /RAID/local/srv/MySQL/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/RAID/local/conf/my.cnf --datadir=/RAID/DB --user=mysql 2>&1 >/dev/null &

設定資料庫管理員密碼
$ sudo /RAID/local/srv/MySQL/bin/mysqladmin -u root password

停止資料庫服務
$ sudo /RAID/local/srv/MySQL/bin/mysqladmin -p shutdown

• 允許外部連線

$ /RAID/local/srv/MySQL/bin/mysql -u root -pPassword
mysql > GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON Database.* TO user@192.168.1.% IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql > FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

[ EZGO13 ] Apache 2.4.25 + PHP 7.1.6

官方網站：http://httpd.apache.org
檔案來源：http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi#apache24

• OpenSSL 1.0.2k 1.1.0d PS：不相容

$ ./config \

-fPIC \--prefix=/RAID/local/lib/OpenSSL \
--openssldir=/RAID/local/lib/OpenSSL

$ make

$ sudo make install

$ /RAID/local/lib/OpenSSL/bin/openssl version

ODBC：

• unixODBC 2.3.4

$ ./configure \

--prefix=/RAID/local/lib/unixODBC \
--exec-prefix=/RAID/local/lib/unixODBC

$ make

$ sudo make install

To check the ODBC version and configuration.
$ /RAID/local/lib/unixODBC/bin/odbcinst -j
unixODBC 2.3.4
DRIVERS............: /RAID/local/lib/unixODBC/etc/odbcinst.ini
SYSTEM DATA SOURCES: /RAID/local/lib/unixODBC/etc/odbc.ini
FILE DATA SOURCES..: /RAID/local/lib/unixODBC/etc/ODBCDataSources
USER DATA SOURCES..: /home/neo/.odbc.ini
SQLULEN Size.......: 8
SQLLEN Size........: 8
SQLSETPOSIROW Size.: 8

參數設定： 

$ sudo nano /RAID/local/lib/unixODBC/etc/odbcinst.ini
[FreeTDS]
Description=v0.91 with protocol v8.0
Driver=/RAID/local/lib/unixODBC/lib/libtdsodbc.so
UsageCount=1

$ sudo nano /RAID/local/lib/unixODBC/etc/odbc.ini
[SQLServer]
Driver=FreeTDS
Description=SQL
Trace=No
Server=192.168.1.21
Port=1433
TDS_Version=8.0
Database=DW

PS：

$ odbcinst -q -d # View loaded drivers.
$ odbcinst -q -s # View DSN entry
$ tsql -LH 22.33.55.44 # To list MSSQL server instant name,version etc.,
$ osql -S DSN -U Username -P ‘Password’ # list the configuration files loaded to connect ODBC 

• FreeTDS Stable Release

$ ./configure \

--prefix=/RAID/local/lib/FreeTDS \
--exec-prefix=/RAID/local/lib/FreeTDS \
--with-tdsver=auto \
--with-unixodbc=/RAID/local/lib/unixODBC \
--with-gnu-ld \
--enable-msdblib

$ make

$ sudo make install

$ sudo nano /etc/ld.so.conf

/RAID/local/lib/FreeTDS/lib

$ sudo ldconfig

$ sudo nano /RAID/local/lib/FreeTDS/etc/freetds.conf

[MSsql]
host = 192.168.1.21
# instance = SQLEXPRESS
# instance = MSSQLSERVER
port = 1433
client charset = UTF-8
tds version = 8.0
text size = 20971520

Note: the freetds.conf file you use should have "text size = 20971520" as mentioned in the FreeTDS on Windows section otherwise you might see sessions logging out or worse apache segmentation faults. Also see FreeTDS.

$ sudo touch /RAID/local/lib/FreeTDS/include/tds_sysdep_public.h

$ sudo touch /RAID/local/lib/FreeTDS/lib/libsybdb.a

連線測試：

$ sudo /RAID/local/lib/FreeTDS/bin/tsql -S MSsql -U sa

Note： 

$ TDSVER=8.0
$ tsql -H [伺服器名稱  xxxx.database.windows.net ] -p 1433 –D [資料庫名稱 ] -U [使用者帳號 ] -P [使用者密碼 ]

Apache Portable Runtime
http://apr.apache.org/download.cgi

• APR 1.5.2

$ ./configure \

--prefix=/RAID/local/lib/APR \
--exec-prefix=/RAID/local/lib/APR

$ make

$ make install

• APR iconv 1.2.1

$ ./configure \

--prefix=/RAID/local/lib/APR-iconv \
--exec-prefix=/RAID/local/lib/APR-iconv \
--with-apr=/RAID/local/lib/APR

$ make

$ make install

• APR-util 1.5.4

$ ./configure \

--prefix=/RAID/local/lib/APR-util \
--exec-prefix=/RAID/local/lib/APR-util \
--with-apr=/RAID/local/lib/APR \
--with-apr-iconv=RAID/local/lib/APR-iconv \
--with-crypto=/RAID/local/lib/OpenSSL \
--with-freetds=/RAID/local/lib/FreeTDS \
--with-mysql=/RAID/local/srv/MySQL \
--with-openssl=/RAID/local/lib/OpenSSL

$ make

$ make install

$ sudo nano /etc/ld.so.conf

/RAID/local/lib/APR-util/lib

• PCRE 8.39

PERL 5 regular expression pattern matching

$ ./configure \

--prefix=/RAID/local/lib/PCRE \
--exec-prefix=/RAID/local/lib/PCRE \
--enable-utf8

$ make

$ make install

• zlib 1.2.11

A Massively Spiffy Yet Delicately Unobtrusive Compression Library

$ ./configure \

--prefix=/RAID/local/lib/zlib \
--eprefix=/RAID/local/lib/zlib

$ make

$ make install

• Apache

$ ./configure \

--prefix=/RAID/local/srv/Apache \
--exec-prefix=/RAID/local/srv/Apache \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-so \
--enable-deflate \
--enable-modules=mod_unixd \
--enable-modules=mod_access_compat \
--with-apr=/RAID/local/lib/APR \
--with-apr-util=/RAID/local/lib/APR-util \
--with-pcre=/RAID/local/lib/PCRE \
--with-ssl=/RAID/local/lib/OpenSSL

$ nano /RAID/local/Apache/conf/httpd.conf

ServerRoot "/RAID/local/srv/Apache"
ServerAdmin email@gmail.com
ServerName 127.0.0.1:80
DocumentRoot "/RAID/local/www"
ErrorDocument 404 /404_Apple.html
AddDefaultCharset utf-8

<Directory "/RAID/local/www">

ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/RAID/local/www/cgi-bin/"

<Directory "/RAID/local/www/cgi-bin">

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php
</IfModule>

ErrorLog "|/RAID/local/srv/Apache/bin/rotatelogs -l /RAID/Log/Apache-error-%Y-%m-%d.log 86400"

CustomLog "|/RAID/local/srv/Apache/bin/rotatelogs -l /RAID/Log/Apache-access-%Y-%m-%d.log 86400" common

LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so

LoadModule php7_module modules/libphp7.so 

• apachectl - Apache HTTP Server Control Interface

$ sudo /RAID/local/srv/Apache/bin/apachectl configtest
$ sudo /RAID/local/srv/Apache/bin/apachectl start
$ sudo /RAID/local/srv/Apache/bin/apachectl restart
$ sudo /RAID/local/srv/Apache/bin/apachectl stop

官方網站：http://php.net
檔案來源：http://php.net/downloads.php

• $ sudo apt install libjpeg-dev
• $ sudo apt install libpng++-dev
• $ sudo apt install libxpm-dev
• $ sudo apt install libxft-dev
• $ sudo apt install libmcrypt-dev
• $ sudo apt install libssh2-1-dev
• $ sudo apt install libgmp-dev
• $ sudo apt install libtool-bin
• $ sudo apt install re2c
• $ sudo apt install autoconf

• cURL 7.52.1

$ ./configure \

--prefix=/RAID/local/lib/cURL \
--exec-prefix=/RAID/local/lib/cURL \
--with-libssh2

$ make

$ make install

• PHP 7.1.6

$ ./configure \

--prefix=/RAID/local/srv/PHP \
--exec-prefix=/RAID/local/srv/PHP \
--with-config-file-path=/RAID/local/conf \
--with-pdo-mysql=/RAID/local/srv/MySQL \
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \
--with-pdo-dblib=/RAID/local/lib/FreeTDS \
--with-pdo-mysql=/RAID/local/srv/MySQL \
--with-pdo-odbc=unixODBC,/RAID/local/lib/unixODBC \
--with-apxs2=/RAID/local/srv/Apache/bin/apxs \
--with-curl=/RAID/local/lib/cURL \
--with-openssl \
--with-pear \
--with-mcrypt \
--with-zlib \--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-xpm-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-gd \
--with-gmp \
--enable-bcmath \
--enable-intl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-zip \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-mysqlnd \
--enable-re2c-cgoto \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-soap \
--enable-debug \
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
--enable-gd-jis-conv

$ make

$ make install

$ cp php.ini-production /RAID/local/conf/php.ini

$ sudo /RAID/local/srv/Apache/bin/apachectl stop

$ sudo /RAID/local/srv/Apache/bin/apachectl start

$ wget http://pear.php.net/go-pear.phar
$ sudo /RAID/local/srv/PHP/bin/php go-pear.phar
$ /RAID/local/srv/PHP/bin/pear version

• MyWebSQL 3.7